Gasifying carburetor



Patented Jan. 20, 1953 2,625,920 GASIFYING CABBUBETQH JosephE; Farrell, Island Heights, NaJqassignor Ito iFa'rspan Industries, 1110., Island "Heights,

J a'fcorperation of New Jersey Application-April 9, 1951, SerialNmZZUfiZS Thisinvention relatesztocarburetors, and more particularly to an improvementgin carburetors of the type which supplyaxiry gasto theintake manifold as distinguished 'from a carburetor which supplies a wet vapor for the combustible fuel mixture.

A primary objectistoprovide an assembly which includes an electrically heated starting generator for cracking oflow grade; fuel oils into a dry gas suitable'for forming. a gaseous mixture to start the operationlof asmotor and a main generator heated by hot. exhaust gases for sustained operation. The starting generator is, preferably closely associated with .the intake pipe and the main generator is preferably vassociated in convenient assembly .with-the exhaust line thereby to provide a complete .gasifying unit which may be readily mounted. on. the .motor block. W hilethe present in'vention is particularly useful for stationaryengines', isolated electric plants, pumpingunits orthe like,.nevertheless, these applications are stated. by. .way of description and not by way of limitation.

:Another objectis to provide appropriate means for controlling. the v.gas. volume from the main generator to the .gas' chamberof theystarting unit .which communicates .withgthe, intake line to ac- .sure smooth operation-of the-. .mqtor. an

to provide. suitable .yalves .ior, controlling liquid fuel to both the mainand. Startinggenerators.

A furthersobject isto provide a main generator wherein the. hot exhaust gases pass thrcugh the center thereof to completely sur round a spirally wound fuelinletcoillocailed h r in. .s i s n tor .beingalso housed in a casing in the exhaust line so that the hot exhaust; gases therein will heat the sides and ends; thereof to assure complete gasification .of the raw ,iuel before it is conveyed to the intake manifold.

A still the object i ;t .rzroy t e-m generatorwith a monoxide breather tube opening into the exhaust line to serve tl'ie dual functions of: reducing the effect of; total -fengine in- 'duced vacuum .on the generator to. aameasured d erm n dldeere za i al ar ii sxy lacking carbonmonoxide gas into thegenerator to supply; gas volumeto the samefextent', as; air

would if admittedlto the gen' ratoiibut which is no u a anaes hesia tor or gas chambers. v

With the above and otherobjects. in. view. which will more readily appear a'sthe nat r s; invention is better .understood the v samelconsists in the novel construction; combination; and. arrangement of parts, hereinaifterlmore.'ffully decr .itm ea e r v a c a s. (o1. 123 -133) Apreferred andvpractical embodiment of the invention is shownin' the accompanying drawing in which:'

The figure is a vertical cross section view of the invention applied to the intake and exhaust lines of an internal combustion engine.

Similar reference charactersdesignate corresponding parts throughout the several figures of the drawing.

Referring to the drawing, the intake manifold is designated as A and. the exhaust manifold is designated as B, both communicating with the motor block in conventional manner. The intake manifold is provided with astarting unit designated generally as C and the main generator D is fitted in the exhaust line B as 'shown' The starting generator C preferably includes a fitting attached to entrance of the intake manifold said fitting comprising a tube i-fianged at its lower endandformed at" its upper end with inner and outer walls sand :3 which provide a gas chamber 4. The upperend of the chamber l is closedby'a can}; of ring like form to provide an intake openings. flhe'chamberd'communicates with the interior ofthe tube I by a plurality of jet pipes 1 whose inner ends are cut and disposed as indicated at fiflbelow'openingfd so that air entering the same will aspirate dry gas out of chamber; 4 into the-intake li e. I The throttle valve T is located in thdtube l as usual."

1he out er walla of the gas chamber 5 is embraced by an electrical heatingunit including an annular casing 9 containing a heatingcoil' E connectedat its terminalsv lilwitha source of electrical supply. The casing Qprovides a gasifying chamber E which communicates at l l with a raw 1 liquid fuel inlet valve I2 which in turn communicates with the fue1 pipe I3 leading to the main fuel supply valve M. The heatin g'asifying chamber F which contains raw fueloil in its bottom portion is provided with agas delivery tube 9 extending down into the chamber 3 to conduct gas from the chamber in which the heating unit is enclosed into the chamber 4 so that dry gas will freely pass into the'chamber 5 and flow through tubes, i into the'air stream entering theintak'e pipe through opening 6.

The mai'n'iuel s'uppl'y valveis connected nipple" 15 with a source of bulk fuel oil and contains ap'as'sage i6 whose lowerend is in communication at all. times with starting fuel p l use it. "Abovelthe inlet to use it the passage diii's provided'witha valve-ll for controlling the bulk supply of fuel oil toth'e coil 53 oi the main generator-n. .lfIjhis valve i l is open, as shown, unc 1=;n rnia1 running conditions, but

may be closed when the motor is to be stopped for any interval of time. When the valve I1 is open, the flow of oil to the lower end of conically wound spiral coil [8 may be manually regulated from passage IE to the coil by valve IS.

The coil 8 of the main generator is located in the hollow central passage 29 of the generator formed by inner wall 2| through which the upper end of the coil enters at 22 to discharge fuel oil into the inner chamber 23 of the generator. The wall 2| is swedged at 2| to divert part of the exhaust gases around the outside surface of the generator proper and is also provided with a plurality of openings 24 located beneath an annular downturned bafile 25 which openings communicate with an outer chamber 26. The space below these holes serves as a trap for fuel oil. As will be seen the top and bottom ends of the chambers 23 and 26 are closed by walls 27 and 28 and the chamber 26 is provided with an annular downturned baffle 29 lying below gasified fuel outlet connection 30.

It will also be seen that inner chamber 23 is provided at its upper wall 21 with a monoxide breather pipe 3| which opens into the exhaust line and when the motor is operating, will permit monoxide gas to be sucked into the inner gasifying chamber.

The parts forming the generator chambers 23 and 25 are surrounded by a casing 32 which houses the same completely and said casing being located in the exhaust line, it will be apparent that hot exhaust gases passing from the exhaust manifold B will internally and externally envelop the generator to provide heat for cracking the raw low grade fuel oil into a dry gas which is led from the generator chambers 23 and 26 by the tube 30 into the interior chamber of an elongated hollow gas volume control valve 33. This valve is formed by telescopically related tubular members and the inner rotatable part is provided with a V-shaped port 34 for controlling the outlet of tube 3!! and a V-shaped port 35 controlling the inlet end of tube 36 communicating with chamber A of the starting generator C.

The gas volume control valve 33 is enclosed in a casing 3 3* closed at one end and having an operators control shank and lever 34 at its other end. This gas volume control valve may be manually adjusted to suit motor running conditions and therefore by properly adjusting fuel oil valve I9 and gas control valve 33, all working conditions over a desired range of operation may be finely and accurately adjusted or set. That is to say, the ports are circumferentially disposed and located at diametrically spaced points longitudinally of the tube. Rotating the part 33 by the control lever 3 t increases or reduces the gas passage areas at both the intake port 34 and outlet port 35. This provides an accurate control of the amount of gas delivered to the engine intake. In addition the chamber so formed becomes an accumulator providing a gas reserve to meet sudden acceleration from low to high speed in the few seconds required for throttle opening compensation by throttle controlled increase of fuel to the maingenerator.

The operation of the invention is as follows:

Assuming the valve I! is set as shown, and the circuit to the terminals H) is closed the heating unit E will glow and subject fuel oil supplied to chamber F by lines I |-|2--i3 to intense heat which will gasify the same, and, when the motor is turned over by an electric starter air entering opening 6 will aspirate gas through jets 1 from chamber 4 which receives its supply of dry gas from said chamber F through tube 9*, to form the initial combustible mixture for starting the motor under its usual ignition system.

Once the motor has started the exhaust flame passing through exhaust manifold B will gasify oil in the main generator and gas thus formed in chambers 23, 26 will pass through tube 30 into the chamber of the hollow valve 33 through port 34. The dry gas then passes through port 35 into pipe 36 which communicates with chamber 4. From this chamber the dry gas is aspirated through jets I into the intake air stream for sustained motor operation.

The starting heating unit E is provided with a suitable thermostatically controlled switch, not shown, which opens the circuit thereto when sustained motor operation takes place by gas supplied from the main generator. That is to say, cut-01f is accomplished with a small standard type thermostat respondingto the desired temperature development of the main generator so that when the latter is hot enough to produce sustained gasification the starting heating unit E is de-energized.

By way of further explaining the operation of the invention, it may be pointed out that initial gasification for starting purposes takes place in the chamber 6 in about forty-five seconds and the heating unit operation is electrically cut off when the main generator D has been sufliciently heated by exhaust gases, which usually requires another forty-five seconds. After the main generator reaches the desired temperature in approximately the aforesaid forty-five seconds the thermostat controlling the switch to the heating unit is opened and the starting unit then ceases to function, except that it will of course be understood that the chamber 4 continues to receive dry gas from the main generator.

By subjecting the coil Is to the direct heat of exhaust flame, the fuel oil is cracked therein so that gas entering from the upper end of the coil into the chamber 23 of the main generator will be in what may be termed a semi-dry condition. The gas from chamber 23 passes through opening 24, and the downturned bafiie 25 retards the flow of almost totally dry gas as it passes into the outer chamber 26 where it is completely de hydrated before encountering the bafiie 29 to pass through the fuel outlet connection 30. As previously indicated the lower end of chamber 23 will trap any possible semi-liquid fuel and hold it there until it too cracks into gas. The downturned or conical bafile 25 above the openings 24 acts as a hood and forces the gas over to and against the hot surface of the inner wall of chamber 26. Both baffles 25 and 29 are at cracking temperature, delaying and partially trapping the gas and thus completing the dryingout stage.

A slotted, rotatable valve, which is connected by adjustable linkage with the engine air-supply throttle provides for variable speeds from low to high, and the throttle T, and a conventional valve hook-up (not shown) properly and automatically relates the amount of fuel fed to the main generator directly to the amount of air fed to the engine, thus providing the correct amount of gas supply for all desired speeds.

I claim:

1. A gasifying carburetor for use on the intake and exhaust manifolds of internal combustion engines, comprising, a starting gasifying unit communicating with the intake manifold. a main generator located in the path of discharge of exhaust gases in the exhaust manifold, means for establishing communication between the main generator and the starting gasifying unit, said means including a gas volume control valve serving as an accumulator to meet differential acceleration speeds, and means for supplying the main and starting generator with liquid fuel.

2. A gasifying carburetor for use on the intake and exhaust manifolds of internal combustion engines, comprising, a starting gasifying unit communicating with the intake manifold, a main gas generator in the exhaust manifold, means for conducting gas from the main generator to the starting gasifying unit, and a carbon monoxide breather tube having its inlet end disposed in the exhaust stream of the exhaust manifold and having its outlet end communicating with the main generator, and means for supplying fuel oil to the main and starting generator units.

3. A gasifying carburetor for use on the intake and exhaust manifolds of internal combustion engines, comprising, a starting gasifying unit having means communicating with the intake manifold, valved fuel oil supply means for starting gasifying unit, a main gas generator in the exhaust manifold line, means for conducting gas from the main generator to the starting gasifying unit, said main gas generator comprising a housing fitted to the exhaust line, a generator proper within the housing and including a ceneral passage formed by a wall whose lower end is swedged inwardly, a spiral coil in the said central passage of the generator proper and having one end communicating with a source of fuel oil supply, means forming inner and outer gasifying chambers, said inner chamber receiving discharge from the upper end of said coil, means for establishing communication between said inner and outer chambers, hood-like baflie means disposed over said last mentioned means, other baffle means in the outer chamber anterior to the means for conducting drying gas from the main generator to the starting gasifying unit, and valved means for supplying fuel oil to the main generator unit.

4. A gasifying carburetor for use on the intake and exhaust manifolds of internal combustion engines, comprising, a starting gasifying unit communicating with the intake manifold and including means forming an intake passage and a surrounding dry gas chamber, aspirating jets leading from said gas chamber into the intake passage, an electrical heating unit surrounding said gas chamber, a casing housing said heating unit, a fuel oil inlet for said casing, a gas delivery tube for the casing and in discharging relation to said dry gas chamber, and a main gas generator in the exhaust manifold line, and means establishing communication between the main gas generator and the dry gas chamber of the starting unit for sustained motor operation.

5. A gasifying carburetor for use on the intake and exhaust manifolds of internal combustions engines, comprising, a starting gasifying unit communicating with the intake manifold and including means forming an intake passage and a surrounding dry gas chamber, aspirating jets leading from said gas chamber into the intake passage, an electrical heating unit surrounding said gas chamber, a casing housing said heating unit, a fuel oil inlet for said casing, a gas delivery tube for the casing and in discharging relation to said dry gas chamber, and a main gas generator in the exhaust manifold. line, and means establishing communication between the main gas generator and the dry gas chamber of the starting unit for sustained motor operation, said means including a gas volume control valve having a hollow cylindrical stem provided with longitudinally spaced ports controlling gas flow upon manual rotary adjustment from a gas tube leading from the main generator to a gas tube leading to the dry gas chamber of the said starting unit.

6. A gasifying carburetor for use on the intake and exhaust manifolds of internal combustion engines, comprising, a starting gasifying unit communicating with the intake manifold and including, a dry gas chamber, an electrically heated starting fuel oil gasifying chamber having connection with a fuel oil supply, a gas delivery tube leading from the starting gasifying chamber to the dry gas chamber, a main generator in the exhaust manifold line, a gas volume control valve for regulating gas volume between the main generator and the dry gas chamber of the said dry gas chamber, said main generator including, a housing concentric with the exhaust line, a generator having concentric wall means forming a central exhaust gas opening and inner and outer gasifying chambers, the wall means between said last mentioned chambers having openings, a dry gas tube leading from the outer dry gas chamber to the gas volume control valve, a breather tube establishing communication between the exhaust passage and the inner chamber, a fuel oil coil communicating at its upper end with the upper portion of the inner gasifying chamber and located. in the central exhaust gas passage of the generator, and control valve means between the lower end of the coil and a source of fuel supply.

JOSEPH E. FARRELL.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,302,762 Byrnes May 6, 1919 2,342,132 Farrell Feb. 22, 1944 2,349,116 Sharar May 16, 1944 

